The modern fashion for healthy lifestyle dictates its own rules. People are increasingly resorting to dietary adjustments and, of course, sports, which is understandable. Indeed, in the conditions of large cities it is very difficult to provide oneself with the necessary level of physical activity. Striving for health, many additionally introduce sources of amino acids (AA) into the menu, in particular threonine.
Description of the amino acid
Threonine has been known since 1935. The pioneer was the American biochemist William Rose. It was he who created the structural characteristics of the monoaminocarboxylic amino acid and proved its indispensability for human immunity. Threonine is present in the musculature of the heart, skeletal muscles and the central nervous system. At the same time, it is not produced by the body and comes exclusively with food (source - Wikipedia).
There are 4 threonine isomers: L and D-threonine, L and D-allotreonine. The first is the most important. It promotes the synthesis of proteins, is an integral part of elastin and collagen. It is necessary for the process of formation and further preservation of tooth enamel. The best absorption of this isomer is observed in the presence of nicotinic acid (B3) and pyridoxine (B6). For proper absorption, the proper level of magnesium in the body is required.
Note! Known genetic diseases caused by the body's immunity to threonine. In such cases, it is necessary to ensure the intake of drugs containing glycine and serine.
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Threonine: benefits and properties
This amino acid is essential at any age. It ensures the correct functioning of the physiological systems of the body. Toddlers and teens need AKs to grow. With its regular admission, normal development is ensured. One of the most important functions is the synthesis of antibodies to ensure immunity.
In the adult body, the amino acid has a positive effect on the gastrointestinal tract and helps to heal peptic ulcer disease (source in English - the scientific journal Gastroenterology, 1982). Moreover, reacting with methionine and aspartic (amino succinic) acid, it promotes the breakdown of fats in the human liver, improves the absorption of dietary protein. It has a lipotropic effect. For therapeutic purposes, this AK activates muscle tone, heals wounds and postoperative scars, affecting the exchange of collagen and elastin.
Note! Threonine deficiency causes growth retardation and weight loss (source - the scientific journal Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology, 2012).
The main functions of threonine:
- maintaining the correct action of the central nervous system, immune and cardiovascular systems;
- presence in proteins and enzymes;
- ensuring growth;
- assistance in the assimilation of other useful elements;
- normalization of hepatic function;
- strengthening muscles.
Sources of threonine
The record holder for threonine content is protein food:
- meat;
- eggs;
- milk products;
- fatty fish and other seafood.
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Vegetable AK Suppliers:
- beans;
- lentils;
- cereals;
- seeds;
- mushrooms;
- nuts;
- leafy greens.
The above products, as a rule, are always available, therefore they must be constantly present in the diet.
Daily rate of threonine
The daily requirement of an adult's body for threonine is 0.5 g. For a child, it is more - 3 g. Only a varied diet can provide such a dose.
The daily menu should include eggs (3.6 g) and meat (about 1.5 g of amino acid per 100 g of product). Plant sources have a lower content of AA.
Deficiency and excess of threonine: dangerous disturbances in harmony
If the threonine level is exceeded, the body begins to accumulate uric acid. Its excessive concentration leads to kidney and liver dysfunction and increased gastric acidity. Therefore, the content of AA should be strictly controlled, avoiding oversaturation with it.
Amino acid deficiency is rare. It is noted for malnutrition and mental disorders.
The symptoms of a threonine deficiency are:
- decreased concentration, loss of consciousness;
- depressive state;
- rapid weight loss, dystrophy;
- muscle weakness;
- slowdown in development and growth (in children);
- poor condition of skin, teeth, nails and hair.
Interaction with other elements
Aspartic acid and methionine work well with threonine. Full absorption of the amino acid is ensured by the presence of pyridoxine (B6), nicotinic acid (B3) and magnesium.
Threonine and sports nutrition
The amino acid is invaluable in the context of sports nutrition. Threonine helps build and strengthen muscle mass. Helps to withstand increased loads and quickly recover from them. AK is indispensable for weightlifters, runners, swimmers. Therefore, constant monitoring and timely correction of the amino acid level are important factors in sports success.
Note! Threonine stimulates brain function. It also eases the manifestations of toxicosis in pregnant women.
Health and beauty
Physical health and physical attractiveness without threonine are impossible by definition. It maintains excellent condition of teeth, nails, hair and skin. Protects the integument from drying out. Thanks to the synthesis of elastin and collagen, it helps to delay the appearance of wrinkles.
Threonine is declared as a component of cosmetics of many famous brands. It should be remembered that a brilliant appearance and good health require comprehensive support.
Professional creams, serums and tonics, along with a balanced diet, will help you achieve stunning results.
